What effect does scale formation have on a refrigeration system?

Scale formation in a refrigeration system acts as an insulating layer on heat exchange surfaces, such as evaporators or condensers. This insulating layer reduces the efficiency of heat transfer between the refrigerant and the medium it is trying to cool or heat. As a result, the system struggles to maintain desired temperatures, leading to a significant reduction in cooling capacity.

When scale builds up, the system has to work harder to achieve the same cooling effect, which not only decreases performance but can also lead to increased wear on components and potentially cause system failures if not addressed. Hence, the impact of scale formation directly correlates with diminished cooling capacity, which is why this outcome is the most accurate assessment of its effects on refrigeration systems.